Combined Nomenclature (CN)

Combined Nomenclature (CN) codes are a crucial component of the European Union's trade and customs framework. This 8-digit product classification system is used for export declarations and statistical reporting within the EU. Every product exported from or imported into the EU must be classified under a specific CN code, ensuring consistency in trade documentation and facilitating the application of customs duties and trade policies. Updated annually, CN codes incorporate changes to reflect new products and trade practices, maintaining their relevance in a dynamic global market.

Integration with the Harmonized System (HS): The CN builds upon the HS nomenclature, adding further subdivisions to cater to EU-specific regulatory and statistical needs. Learn more about the Harmonized System (HS).

How to Read a CN Code

The structure of a CN code is hierarchical, providing a detailed classification that guides users from broad categories to specific products. The hierarchy is as follows:

Sections: Broad divisions, grouping related Chapters.
Chapters: Specific categories within a Section.
Sub-Chapters: Further divisions within Chapters.
Headings and Subheadings: Detailed classifications that specify product types.
CN Subheadings: The final two digits unique to CN, offering precise identification.

Level	Code	Description
Section	VII	Plastics and Articles Thereof, Rubber and Articles Thereof
Chapter	39	Plastics and Articles Thereof
Sub-Chapter	II	Waste, Parings and Scrap, Semi-Manufactures; Articles
Heading	3915	Waste, Parings and Scrap, of Plastics
HS Subheading	3915 90	Of other Plastics
CN Subheading	3915 90 11	Of Polymers of Propylene

Historical Context of Combined Nomenclature Codes

The evolution of the Combined Nomenclature (CN) system is marked by significant developments that have shaped its current form. Here is a detailed timeline of key events:

1987: The Council of the European Communities adopts new regulations on the tariff and statistical nomenclature and on the Common Customs Tariff, laying the groundwork for the CN system.
1988: The Harmonized System (HS) enters into force, merging the NIMEXE nomenclature with the Common Customs Tariff. This integration marks the official launch of the CN, aligning it with international standards. Learn more about the Harmonized System (HS).
1991: The CN undergoes its first major revision to incorporate new product categories and reflect changes in global trade practices. This update ensures that the CN remains relevant and comprehensive.
1996: Further amendments are made to the CN to accommodate technological advancements and the introduction of new materials and goods, highlighting the system's adaptability to industry changes.
2000: The EU expands its membership, necessitating updates to the CN to align with the diverse economic activities of new member states, thus enhancing intra-community trade consistency.
2008: In response to the global economic crisis, the CN is adjusted to facilitate trade and support economic recovery efforts across the European Union.
2010: The CN integrates environmental considerations, reflecting the EU's commitment to sustainable development and the classification of emerging green technologies.
Annual Updates: Every year, the CN is reviewed and updated to incorporate new products, technological innovations, and shifts in trade patterns, ensuring its continued relevance and accuracy.

Applications of CN Codes

CN codes play a vital role in various trade and regulatory activities, including:

Statistical Analysis: Facilitating the collection and publication of trade data within and outside the EU.
Custom Tariffs: Determining applicable duties based on product classifications.
Agricultural Regulations: Supporting laws and policies related to agricultural trade.
Trade Negotiations: Informing discussions and agreements on international trade.

Challenges in Classification

Despite the CN's comprehensive structure, classifying products accurately can be challenging due to:

Vast Product Range: With an estimated 50-100 million goods, the limited number of CN subheadings necessitates careful consideration.
Complexity in Choice: Selecting the correct code can be difficult, particularly when multiple possibilities exist for a single product.
Need for Expertise: Accurate classification often requires specialized knowledge to navigate the intricacies of the CN system.

Importance of Accurate CN Classification

Accurate CN classification is essential for:

Compliance: Ensuring adherence to customs regulations and avoiding penalties.
Efficiency: Streamlining customs processes and reducing delays in trade.
Cost Management: Applying the correct tariffs to manage costs effectively.

Tools and Resources

Utilize available tools and resources to assist with CN classification:

Online Databases: Access comprehensive CN databases for up-to-date information.
Consultation Services: Seek expert advice for complex classification scenarios.
Training Programs: Enhance understanding through targeted training on CN codes.

Additional Resources for Researchers

For researchers delving into international trade and customs, the following sections provide valuable insights and tools:

Comprehensive Data Analysis

The CN system is a critical tool for analyzing trade data. Researchers can utilize CN codes to:

Track Trade Flows: Monitor the movement of goods across borders, gaining insights into economic trends and market dynamics.
Evaluate Trade Policies: Assess the impact of tariffs and regulations on different sectors, informing policy recommendations and economic forecasts.

Access to CN and HS Code Databases

Researchers can benefit from accessing comprehensive databases that offer:

Updated Classification Information: Stay informed with the latest CN and HS code updates, ensuring accurate data analysis.
Cross-Referencing Capabilities: Compare CN codes with HS codes to understand international classification standards.

Guidance on CN Code Application

Understanding the application of CN codes is crucial for accurate research. Consider the following resources:

Expert Consultation: Engage with trade experts for insights into complex classification scenarios and best practices in CN code application.
Training Workshops: Participate in workshops focused on CN and HS codes to enhance your research skills and knowledge.

By expanding your understanding of CN codes through these resources, you can conduct more comprehensive and informed research in the field of international trade.