Tools commonly used in the Criminologists industry for day-to-day tasks and operations.

• Statistical software (e.g. SPSS, SAS) for analyzing crime data
• Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for mapping crime patterns
• Crime scene investigation tools (e.g. fingerprint kits, DNA analysis kits)
• Interview and interrogation techniques
• Research methods and survey design
• Criminal profiling techniques
• Risk assessment tools
• Forensic psychology tools (e.g. personality tests, cognitive assessments)
• Data visualization tools (e.g. Tableau, Power BI)
• Crime prevention strategies and tactics

Common products and services typical of NAICS Code 561611-02, illustrating the main business activities and contributions to the market.

• Criminal justice system
• Law enforcement agencies
• Research institutions
• Universities and colleges
• Government agencies
• Non-profit organizations
• Private security firms
• Consulting firms
• Correctional facilities
• Forensic laboratories

The specific certifications, permits, licenses, and regulatory compliance requirements within the United States for this industry.

• Certified Forensic Consultant (CFC): This certification is offered by the American College of Forensic Examiners International (ACFEI) and is designed for professionals who specialize in forensic consulting. The certification requires a bachelor's degree in a related field, completion of a training program, and passing an exam.
• Certified Fraud Examiner (CFE): This certification is offered by the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners (ACFE) and is designed for professionals who specialize in fraud prevention, detection, and deterrence. The certification requires a bachelor's degree and passing an exam.
• Certified Protection Professional (CPP): This certification is offered by ASIS International and is designed for professionals who specialize in security management. The certification requires a bachelor's degree and several years of experience in security management.
• Certified Forensic Interviewer (CFI): This certification is offered by the Center for Interviewer Standards and Assessment (CISA) and is designed for professionals who specialize in investigative interviewing. The certification requires completion of a training program and passing an exam.
• Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP): This certification is offered by the International Information System Security Certification Consortium (ISC)² and is designed for professionals who specialize in information security. The certification requires several years of experience in information security and passing an exam.

A concise historical narrative of NAICS Code 561611-02 covering global milestones and recent developments within the United States.

• The field of criminology has a long and complex history, dating back to the 18th century when the Italian philosopher Cesare Beccaria published his influential treatise "On Crimes and Punishments". This work laid the foundation for modern criminology by arguing that punishment should be proportionate to the crime committed and that the criminal justice system should be based on rational principles rather than arbitrary or capricious ones. In the 19th century, the French criminologist Alphonse Bertillon developed a system of anthropometry, which involved measuring various physical characteristics of criminals in order to identify them more accurately. This system was later replaced by fingerprinting, which was first used in the early 20th century. In recent years, criminology has become increasingly interdisciplinary, drawing on insights from psychology, sociology, and other fields to better understand the causes of crime and develop more effective strategies for preventing it. In the United States, criminology has a similarly rich history, with many notable figures contributing to its development. One of the most influential of these was Edwin Sutherland, who in the 1930s introduced the concept of white-collar crime and argued that it was just as harmful as traditional street crime. Other important figures in the field include Robert Merton, who developed the theory of strain, which posits that crime is the result of a mismatch between societal goals and the means available to achieve them, and Travis Hirschi, who developed the theory of social control, which argues that people are less likely to engage in criminal behavior if they have strong bonds to conventional society. In recent years, criminology has become increasingly focused on issues such as mass incarceration, police brutality, and the disproportionate impact of the criminal justice system on marginalized communities.

The anticipated future trajectory of the NAICS 561611-02 industry in the USA, offering insights into potential trends, innovations, and challenges expected to shape its landscape.

• Growth Prediction: Stable

  The future outlook for Criminologists in the USA is positive. The demand for criminologists is expected to grow as the need for crime prevention and reduction continues to increase. The rise of cybercrime and the use of technology in criminal activities will also create new opportunities for criminologists. Additionally, the increasing awareness of social justice issues and the need for reform in the criminal justice system will create a demand for criminologists to work in policy development and advocacy. Overall, the industry is expected to experience steady growth in the coming years.

Recent groundbreaking advancements and milestones in the Criminologists industry, reflecting notable innovations that have reshaped its landscape.

• Use Of Artificial Intelligence In Criminal Investigations: AI is being used to analyze large amounts of data to identify patterns and connections in criminal activities, which can help investigators solve crimes more efficiently.
• Development Of New Forensic Techniques: Advances in forensic science are leading to the development of new techniques for analyzing evidence, such as DNA analysis and digital forensics.
• Increased Use Of Predictive Analytics: Predictive analytics is being used to identify individuals who are at a higher risk of committing crimes, which can help law enforcement agencies prevent crime before it occurs.
• Use Of Social Media In Investigations: Social media platforms are being used to gather information about criminal activities and suspects, which can help investigators solve crimes more quickly.
• Emphasis on Community Policing: Law enforcement agencies are increasingly focusing on building relationships with the communities they serve, which can help prevent crime and improve public safety.