Tools commonly used in the Underground Buildings industry for day-to-day tasks and operations.

• Excavators
• Tunnel Boring Machines
• Concrete Pumps
• Shotcrete Machines
• Rebar Cutters and Benders
• Waterproofing Membranes
• Drainage Systems
• Ventilation Systems
• Lighting Systems
• Geotechnical Monitoring Equipment

Common products and services typical of NAICS Code 236220-44, illustrating the main business activities and contributions to the market.

• Underground Parking Garages
• Bomb Shelters
• Wine Cellars
• Storm Shelters
• Data Centers
• Greenhouses
• Residential Homes
• Museums
• Office Buildings
• Laboratories

The specific certifications, permits, licenses, and regulatory compliance requirements within the United States for this industry.

• Leadership In Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Certification: LEED certification is a globally recognized certification that verifies that a building was designed and constructed with sustainability in mind. It is awarded by the US Green Building Council (USGBC). LEED certification is available for underground buildings that meet the criteria for sustainable design and construction.
• National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Certification: NIOSH certification is required for underground construction workers who work in hazardous environments. It verifies that the worker has received the necessary training and has the required skills to work safely in underground environments. NIOSH is a part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
• Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Certification: OSHA certification is required for underground construction workers who work in hazardous environments. It verifies that the worker has received the necessary training and has the required skills to work safely in underground environments. OSHA is a part of the US Department of Labor.
• International Building Code (IBC) Certification: IBC certification is required for underground buildings that meet the criteria for safety and structural integrity. It verifies that the building meets the minimum standards for construction and design. IBC certification is awarded by the International Code Council (ICC).
• American Society Of Civil Engineers (ASCE) Certification: ASCE certification is available for underground construction professionals who have demonstrated their knowledge and expertise in the field. It verifies that the professional has the required skills and knowledge to design and construct underground buildings. ASCE is a professional organization for civil engineers.

A concise historical narrative of NAICS Code 236220-44 covering global milestones and recent developments within the United States.

• The history of underground buildings dates back to ancient times, where people used to build underground dwellings to protect themselves from harsh weather conditions and enemies. The most notable example of this is the underground city of Derinkuyu in Turkey, which was built in the 8th century BC. In modern times, the construction of underground buildings gained popularity during World War II, where countries built underground bunkers to protect their citizens from bombings. In the United States, the construction of underground buildings started in the 1970s, where the first underground office building was built in Minneapolis. Since then, the industry has grown, and notable advancements have been made, such as the construction of underground parking garages, shopping malls, and even entire cities like Coober Pedy in Australia.

The anticipated future trajectory of the NAICS 236220-44 industry in the USA, offering insights into potential trends, innovations, and challenges expected to shape its landscape.

• Growth Prediction: Stable

  The future outlook for the Underground Buildings industry in the USA is positive. The industry is expected to grow in the coming years due to the increasing demand for underground structures in urban areas. The need for underground buildings is driven by the limited availability of land in cities and the need to preserve open spaces. The industry is also expected to benefit from the growing trend of sustainable construction practices, as underground buildings are energy-efficient and have a lower carbon footprint. The increasing use of advanced technologies such as Building Information Modeling (BIM) and 3D printing is also expected to drive growth in the industry. However, the industry may face challenges such as high construction costs, complex engineering requirements, and regulatory hurdles. Overall, the industry is expected to grow steadily in the coming years, driven by the increasing demand for sustainable and innovative construction solutions.

Recent groundbreaking advancements and milestones in the Underground Buildings industry, reflecting notable innovations that have reshaped its landscape.

• The Lowline: The Lowline is an innovative underground park in New York City that uses solar technology to bring natural light underground. The park is built in an abandoned trolley terminal and features a variety of plants and trees. The Lowline is an example of how underground spaces can be transformed into vibrant public spaces.
• The Billion Oyster Project: The Billion Oyster Project is an initiative to restore the oyster population in New York Harbor by creating artificial reefs using recycled materials. The project involves building underwater structures that provide a habitat for oysters to grow and thrive. The project is an example of how underground spaces can be used for environmental conservation.
• The Underground Museum: The Underground Museum is an art museum located in an underground space in Los Angeles. The museum features a variety of contemporary art exhibitions and is designed to provide a unique and immersive experience for visitors. The Underground Museum is an example of how underground spaces can be used for cultural and artistic purposes.
• The Underground Bike Park: The Underground Bike Park is an indoor bike park located in an abandoned limestone mine in Louisville, Kentucky. The park features a variety of trails and obstacles and is designed to provide a unique and challenging experience for mountain bikers. The Underground Bike Park is an example of how underground spaces can be used for recreational purposes.
• The Underground Library: The Underground Library is a proposed project to build an underground library in Helsinki, Finland. The library would be built in an underground space and would feature a variety of books and reading areas. The project is an example of how underground spaces can be used for educational and cultural purposes.